Imagine the distant future of church-planting

Just wait until advanced astronomy combines with interstellar travel to create xenobiological missionary opportunities. Wait. Imagine the Bible translation challenges. Just you wait.

Church planting: Waste or salvation?

Church planting has become a main branch of the Southern Baptist Convention evangelism strategy, but a North Carolina pastor who ran for SBC president last year has raised serious questions about whether it should be.

Les Puryear, pastor of Lewisville Baptist Church, using statistics compiled by the SBC's North American Mission Board, says that the convention spends about $100,000 over the first four years of a "planted" church's life, yet 32 percent of new churches don't survive for four years.

As a result:

If $1 million is invested to plant 10 new churches, $320,000 of that investment will not result in a viable, healthy church.

Without citing a source Using statistics from from the SBC Annual 2008 Book of Reports (p. 123), Puryear cities an NAMB church planting budget for 2008-2009 of about $22.85 million (a graphic on this page of the NAMB web site shows the 2008 budgeted expenses for church planting to be $24.4 million). Puryear calculated that about $7.31 million is being spent on churches that won't exist after four years.

The new churches that survive for four years average 85 in attendance and have baptized 48 people.

Puryear compares that to his first four years at Lewisville, when 51 people were baptized.

"Thus, my 127-year-old 'traditional' Southern Baptist church has a higher average baptisms per year than does the average new church plant. I provide these stats not to glorify my church but to demonstrate that established, traditional Southern Baptist churches can be viable places of reaching the lost."

SBC records show that in 2008, the convention's 44,848 churches (newly 'planted,' dying, thriving, etc ...) baptized 342,198 people, an average of 7.63 per church.

Ed Stetzer, who is now president of LifeWay Research, cited similar figures in a 2003 article called "The Most Effective Evangelistic Strategy Under Heaven." The article, which was adapted from Stetzer's book, "Planting New Churches in a Postmodern Age," quotes noted church growth author C. Peter Wagner as calling church planting "the single most effective evangelistic methodology under heaven."

Stetzer goes on to cite research that new churches average about 14.4 baptisms per year for every 100 people in regular attendance in worship while churches that are 16 years old or more baptize about 7.3 persons per year for every 100 people in attendance. He calls new churches "a gift of evangelism."

"Without church planting, our denomination will decline; but more importantly, the number of Christians in North America will continue to decline. If we love God's Kingdom, we must love church planting."

Church planting has been emphasized in the SBC since well before Stetzer's article. Although the strategy has on occasion been problematic.

The Overseas Leadership Team for the SBC's International Mission Board adopted a vision statement in 1998 to guide the IMB's missionary force.

"We will facilitate the lost coming to saving faith in Jesus Christ by beginning and nurturing Church Planting Movements among all peoples."

The IMB defines a church planting movement as "a rapid and multiplicative increase of indigenous churches planting churches within a given people group or population segment."

By 2000, the IMB was discouraging volunteers from constructing church buildings overseas and instead moving them toward church planting efforts.

The IMB claims that its missionaries were responsible for more than 25,000 church starts in 2007, but the board's numbers are thought to be inflated and in some cases fabricated.

The SBC's North American Mission Board see its role as helping Southern Baptists fulfill the Great Commission "through a North American strategy for sharing Christ, starting churches and sending missionaries."

NAMB even has a web site it calls a "one-stop shop for church planting."

The SBC's seminaries emphasize church planting. The Nehemiah Project, which put a professor of church planting on each Southern Baptist seminary campus, started in 1998, according to this time line.

Members of the convention's Great Commission Task Force, which is studying ways the SBC can better accomplish the Great Commission, have talked about the importance of church planting. Danny Akin, the president of Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary and a driving force behind the task force, has called for a church planting strategy "that assaults the major population centers of North America."

"Why we plant more churches in Georgia, Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina and Tennessee than we do in New York, Illinois, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Washington and California is absolutely incomprehensible to me."

The Great Commission Resurgence Declaration calls for "new churches in unevangelized areas of North America, especially the great urban centers," and for the revitalization of existing congregations.

"We long to see a Convention where every church is a church planting church in its unique Jerusalem, its Judea and Samaria, and the uttermost parts of the earth."

Ronnie Floyd, chairman of the task force, said at a recent question and answer session that the group's report "will ring the bell for church planting."

I believe charging out of the gate of our report will be a real commitment to Gospel churches planting Gospel churches planting Gospel churches.

In his blog post, Puryear says he is "not anti-church planting."

"And so, is church planting the best way to reach the lost? I'm not certain that church planting is the 'best' way, but it is one effective, though expensive way."

In addition to church planting, Puryear said he'd like to see NAMB emphasize helping existing churches.

"Pursuant to such a goal, I would like to see NAMB establish seminars, conferences, study courses, etc., to help the local church learn how to develop strategies for reaching the lost. I hear many missionaries talking about outreach strategy, but I never see anyone teaching pastors and leaders of the local churches how to develop outreach strategies. If NAMB or someone else would develop such training, I would be the first in line to attend. Also, I would happily pay for such training. We train missionaries how to develop strategy. Why cannot we train our pastors?"

Bibles, boots and saddles

Maybe you wore cowboy boots to your morning cowboy church service, says boston.com. After all, the Cowboy Church Network of North America, based in Midland, N.C., reports having "started dozens of churches in 12 states and Canada since 2003."

Neither Boston nor Midland has a native cowboy culture, but cowboy churches are about getting people casually and nostalgically into church. Baptism in a horse trough is about showmanship intended to attract an audience, not authenticity.

This evangelical beguilement is primarily a Southern Baptist church planting strategy, one which nonetheless has some rough Methodist, Presbyterian, independent and other analogs.

Church-planting may be the stated mainspring, but in this era of low church attendance and declining church membership, it's more often about bringing nonattending Christians back to church.

Inflated/fabricated Baptist mission numbers

Former Southern Baptist Convention International Mission Board member Wade Burleson persuasively argues that key mission numbers are inflated and some are fabricated.

In a Jan. 2 blog entry A Proposed New Year's Resolution for the Southern Baptist Convention: Integrity in Numbers, he writes:

For example, in the Fast Facts posted on the International Mission Board web site, one reads that 5,551 missionaries were responsible, either directly or indirectly, for 25,497 new church starts in 2007, and 609,968 baptisms.

He explains that "planting" a church is a complex, time-consuming, typically expensive process.

Likewise, the conversion and Christian nurture process which attends baptism is also complex and time-consuming.

Yet IMB numbers suggest that each of the 5,551 missionaries in the field:

• Plants an average of five new churches per missionary in 2007.
• Baptises an average of 120 new members per missionary in 2007.

The numbers defy belief, he and some of those who commented on the blog suggested, and are not supported by the documenting data required to answer questions like:

"Where do these churches exist?", "How many people attend?", "Who pastors them?", "How many are still in existence?" etc . . .

He reports having inquired:

I have asked some of our SBC missionary personnel to give me the names of those baptized under their care as reported on the Annual Statistical Report - only to be given a blank stare by many. It seems there is no record of either the names of those baptized or churches they attend. The baptism number is simply that - a number.

How are the numbers padded?

. . . all that IMB field missionary personnel have to do is simply say they started a church, and it is recorded as a "new" church start. Or, sometimes, as reported to me by several field missionaries, they report on some excellent Bible study groups they have started, and "presto" - several new churches are born and wind up being reported by their supervisors on the Annual Statistical Report. Or, as has happened in various regions, statistics are given about "new" church starts that have nothing to do with SBC personnel; they have been started by indigenous people groups that have absolutely no connection with SBC personnel in the area.

He bases his views on confidential reports from those in the field:

I have had missionary personnel from different regions in the world write me with concerns about the reporting process and ask "When is somebody going to challenge the numbers?"

His view is supported by comments from Montgomery, AL., pastor Alan Cross, who wrote:

I wrote a similar post on the now defunct SBC Outpost last May. To back up what you are saying, I communicated with missionaries from 4 different regions before writing my post. None of them were connected but they all told the same story. Pressure from superiors (both administration and trustees) had created an environment where numbers were being exaggerated and sometimes fabricated.

Cross also indicated sweeping problems with the reported numbers. He wrote:

There are CPM's (church planting movements) that have been reported that do not exist presently, or if they ever did, they are not able to be found now. There are church plants that have been reported that do not exist, or if they do, they are totally the work of indigenous believers. The baptism numbers are totally wrong.

They seem to agree about why numbers are being exaggerated and fabricated. As Burleson wrote:

The fault lies with the system we have constructed that puts such an ungodly emphasis on numbers.

Their desire for simple reform is painfully clear.

Such systems are, unfortunately, rarely self-correcting.